Introduction

Fennel is one of the oldest medicinal and spice plants in the world. In Iranian traditional medicine, it is called an antiphlegm and bile plant. Because the plant is very hot. Ancient Romans and Greeks knew enough about the properties of this valuable plant and used it to treat and cure diseases. Roman warriors used razriane to increase their power. The Greeks also called it marathon, which means a plant that slims, because people believed that fennel reduces appetite. Fennel is one of the products that is produced in Iran and is considered one of the native products of Iran and is exported to other countries. It is produced in different parts of the country, but the highest quality fennel can be considered the fennel cultivated in Hamedan. This product is also known as badian. Fennel seed is obtained from a plant of the same name, which is similar to onion and has many medicinal properties. which is a type of medicinal plant with hot and dry nature. In Iranian traditional medicine, this product is known as an anti-phlegm and anti-bile plant. The fennel plant has about 10% oil, a little sugar and mucilage, and about 4% essential oil. Application: Fennel has a unique taste and aroma. which has medicinal properties and is also used in making medicine. It has many uses in cooking, including spices. All parts of the plant have therapeutic properties. The most used parts of this plant are its stem and seeds, which contain oil and volatile essence. The most important chemical compound in the plant is antole, which has the most properties.